ANALYSIS: Anambra 2021 Governorship Elections Repeated an Intriguing Trend

ANALYSIS: Anambra 2021 Governorship Elections Repeated an Intriguing Trend

By Seyi Olufemi

The recently concluded 2021 Anambra State elections heightened a recurring trend in the State’s last 4 Governorship Elections, where a lower voter turnout always coincides with a higher victory margin for the winning party, and vice versa.

The victory of Professor Charles Soludo in the November 2021 elections returned the All Progressive Grand Alliance (APGA) as the ruling party in the state executive for the fifth consecutive time. The election was held on 6th November, and was concluded on 9th November with a supplementary election in Ihiala Local Government Area (LGA).

Charles Chukwuma Soludo, is an economics professor, politician, and a former Governor and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). He is a member of the British Department for International Development’s International Advisory Group and also a member of President Muhammadu Buhari’s Economic Advisory Council (EAC), among many of his national and international Development exploits.

Before delivering his first remarks as the newly elected governor of Anambra State, he measured and stated the time of day on his watch, bringing to the surface again his subliminal attachment for quantitative detail, and then declared, “With utmost humility and gratitude to God, I accept the results of the 2021 Anambra Governorship Elections.”

Many find it interesting that Mr Soludo, after being declared as the winner of the Governorship elections, needed to accept that he truly won the election. 

Yet, it is more intriguing that the lowest voter turnout of 10% in the past four consecutive gubernatorial elections in the state also produced the highest victory margin of 36% for the candidate of the winning party, Mr Soludo.

In fact, the highest voter turnout of 25% in the 2013 elections yielded the lowest victory margin for APGA, in the last 4 elections.

APGA is the most decorated political party in Anambra state since the creation of the state in 1976. The party has produced the only 2 governors who have governed for 2 terms in the history of the State, in the persons of Peter Obi (2006-2014) and Willie Obiano (2014-).

The People’s Democratic Party (PDP) and the All Progressives Congress (APC) – a blend of the former AC and ANPP) have rotated the second and third place in each of the elections, while Labour Party (LP), United Progressive Party (UPP) and the Young Progressives Party  (YPP) have held the fourth position.

Rank (% of Total Valid Votes) 2010 2013 2017 2021
Leading votes (%) APGA APGA APGA APGA
34 42 55 46
2nd highest votes (%) AC PDP APC PDP
21 23 23 22
3rd highest votes (%) PDP APC PDP APC
21 23 17 18
4th highest votes (%) LP LP UPP YPP
9 9 5 9
The remaining votes (%) 14 3 2 5

When the proportion of voters for APGA is compared with the proportion of registered voters that turned out for the elections, there is always a greater margin when there is a lower voter turnout, and vice versa. 

The low and declining voter turnout in Anambra is worse than the country’s electoral participation performance in Presidential elections. While the percentage of registered voters who eventually cast a ballot has decreased from 69% in 2003 to 35% in 2019, the voter turnout for Anambra’s governorship elections declined from an already low 16% in 2010 to 10% in 2021.


The increasing voter apathy in Anambra, and in the country at large, has been widely attributed to the people’s mistrust in the electoral process, beginning with how candidates emerge in party primary elections to multiple cases of election malpractices at the general elections.

Rampant cases of electoral violence and perceived intimidation of voters by the security forces often discourages voting age people from voting. Recently, the secessionist agitations of the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) has increased the threats of insecurity of lives and property in the southeast, thus discounting the Anambra electorate’s turnout to the lowest in recent history.

With the Governor elect, Charles Soludo, being voted in by only a 10% of registered voters and a much less percentage of Anambra’s voting age population, a measured view of the “time” and situation of things in his State, in Nigeria, and the world, coupled with his avowed “humility”, would be invaluable to capture the people’s aspirations and to coordinate efforts to meet them.

Kariya a fanin Shari’a da Agajin gaggawa (Legal Defense and Emergency Aid)

Kariya a fanin Shari’a da Agajin gaggawa (Legal Defense and Emergency Aid)

(Legal Defense and Emergency Aid) Kariya a fanin Shari’a da Agajin gaggawa

Wane ne ke kare hakkin ‘yan jarida? Wane ne zai taimaka musu sadda matsaloli suka taso? A nan za ku sami shawarwari daga kungiyoyin da suka riga suka goge wajen taimakwa ‘yan jarida da lauyoyi da shawara a fanin shari’a da kuma kungiyoyin da ke bayar da agajin gaggawa ga ‘yan jarida a lokacin da rayuwarsu ke cikin hatsari

Legal Defense/ Kariya a fannin shari’a
Duk fadin duniya, dokokin da suka shafi ‘yancin ‘yan jarida na fadan albarkacin baki da samun bayanai, kullun cikin sauyawa suke – kuma samun rauni a jiki ko a fanin kudi su ne mafi yawa a cikin matsalolin da ‘yan jaridar su ka saba fuskanta. Dan haka sanin cewa akwai kungiyoyin da suka amince su kare wadannan dokokin wadanda yankuna, da kasashe, da al’ummar kasa da kasa suka girka ba karamin ni’ima zai bai wa ‘yan jarida ba. To sai dai kungiyoyin agajin shari’ar su na da iyaka, domin wata sa’a aikin su zai halatta ne a yanki guda ko kuma wani fanni na shari’a. Ga dai wasu daga cikin kungiyoyin da su ka riga suka kafu, wadanda kuma sun kware wajen bai wa ‘yan jarida shawara, tare da wadansu shawarwarin da ka iya taimakawa:

Kungiyoyi/Organisations

Media Defense Shirin Kare Dokoin Kafafen Yada Labarai MLDI (Na kasa da kasa)
Wannan kungiyar ta kasa da kasa wadda ba ruwanta da gwamnati tana taimakwa wajen kare ‘yancin ‘yan jarida a kowace nahiya kuma a kowace kafa ta yada labarai – kama daga jaridu zuwa talbijin da rediyo har zuwa yanar gizo-gizo. Kungiyar wacce mazauninta ke Landan na aiki da wasu kungiyon kare dokokin ‘yan jaridar da ke kasashen duniya da ma lauyoyi masu zaman kansu. Sa’annan idan ya kama za su biya duk wani kudin da ake bukata wajen shari’ar. MLDI ta fi ba da fifiko ga ‘yan jarida masu zaman kansu, wadanda ke fuskantar barazanar zaman kurkuku ko rashin dukiya da ma durkushewar kafar yada labaran. Haka nan kuma ‘yan jarida suna samun taimako a duk sadda suke bukatar jaddada ‘yancin su. A shekarar 2019 MLDI ta kaddamar da shirin kariya ta shari’a mai tallafawa masu binciken gaskiya.

Free Press Unlimited Legal Defense Fund /Asusun kare ‘yancin ‘yan jarida kyauta – tallafin kudi wa ‘yan jarida da kafofin yada labarai a duk fadin duniya. “Mu na bai wa ‘yan jaridan da ke fuskantar tuhuma ko hukuncin dauri, wadanda ba su da halin daukar lauya ko kuma biyan kudaden da ake bukata.” Domin karin bayani ana iya tuntubarmu ta e-mail da adireshin [email protected] ko kuma ta ya waya a ofishinmu Free Press Unlimited Office da lambar: +31208000400

Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression (Americas) / Ofishin Wakili na Musamman kan ‘Yancin Fadan Albarkacin baki
(na kasashen yankin kudancin Amirka)

Wakilin na musamman na aiki ne a matsayin mai bincike. Aikin shi ya tanadi gudanar da bincike kan rubutattun kararraki da korafe-korafen da ‘yan jarida suka turo, sa’annan sai ya rubuta rahoto ya tura wa Hukumar hadakar kasashen nahiyar Afirka kan hakkin dan adam (IACHR) dangane da take hakkokin ‘yan jarida. Daya daga cikin mahimman ayyukan wakilin shi ne bai wa IACHR shawara kan kararrakin da aka rubuto ya kuma shirya rahoto dangane da su. Bisa wadannan shawarwari ne IACHR za ta shigar da kararrakin da korafe-korafe a gaban kotun hadin kan kasashen Amirka kan hakkin dan adam. Duk da cewa wakilin ba ya baiwa ‘yan jarida da kafofin yada labarai shawara ko tallafin kudi, a kyauta ya ke tantance kararrakin da ‘yan jaridar suka rubuta.

Pers Vrij Heids Fonds (Netherlands)

Kungiyar ‘yan jarida masu amfani da harshen Dutch tare da hadin kan al’ummar editocin Netherlands suka girka Gidauniyar Asusun ‘yancin ‘yan jarida a shekara ta 2007 domin su tallafa wajen kare hakkin ‘yan jarida na fadan albarkacin baki da ‘yancin samun bayanai. Duk da cewa matsugunin Asusun na Amsterdam ne kuma ya fi bayar da fifiko ga al’ummar kafofin yada labaran Dutch, Asusun ya tallafawa ‘yan jarida da dama a wasu kasashen Turai.

Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press (US)/Kwamitin manema labarai kan ‘yancin walwalar ‘yan jarida (Amurka)

Baya ga layin waya na gaggawar da ta samar musamman saboda ‘yan jarida (Har da dalibai) da ma’aikata a fanin shari’a, wannan kungiyar mai zaman kanta da ke da shelkwatarta a birnin Washington D.C. na bayar da shawarwari kan wuraren samun taimako da kuma bayani kan hukunce-hukuncen kotu da ma sauran labaran da ke da dangantaka da dokokin yada labarai. RCFP ta kan buga littafin dokar da ta shafi ‘yancin fadar albarkacin bakin ‘yan jarida a Amirka wanda aka fi sani da First Amendment a turance. Littafin ya fayyace mahimman batutuwan da suka shafi ‘yancin d ‘yan jarida na tara bayanai da yada labarai da kuma Rigar Kariya ko Gatar ‘Yan jarida/ The Reporter’s Privilege, cikakken bayani dangane da ire-iren kariyar da dan jarida ke shi – misali ba za’a iya tilasta wad an jarida ya bayyana majiyoyin bayanan shi a kotu ba – a kotunan jihohi da na tarayya. Domin samun bayanan jama’a daga gwamnatin tarayya ko ta jiha ko ta karamar hukuma, ana iya amfani da manhajar Kwamitin Masu Dauka labarai mai suna iFOIA wanda ake samu a yanar gizo. Akwai kuma shafin FOIA Wiki wanda ke kwatanta dokar ‘yancin samun bayanai na FOIA da hukunce-hukuncen kotu dangane da kararrakin da suka shafi ‘yancin samun bayanai.

The open government guide/ Budaddiyar taswirar gwamnati ta kwatanta duk bayanan da jihohi suke da shi a bude, da ma dokokin tarukan da ake yi a bayyane. Akwai kuma shurun sanya ido kan sadarwa: abin da ya dace ‘yan jarida da gidajen yada labarai su sani.

Society of Professional Journalists Legal Defense Fund (US)/ Asusun kare doka/shari’a ta al’ummar kwararrun ‘yan jarida (Amurka)

Makasudin samar da wannan asusun shari’ar shi ne “kadamarwa da kuma tallafawa shari’ar da za ta tilasta gwamnati ta bai wa jama’a damar samun bayananta da aikace-aikacen da ta ke gudanarwa” amma kuma ana iya amfani da shi wajen shiryawa, sanarwa da ma jan hankalin jama’a domin a taru a tabbatar da samun bayanan gwamnati da ayyukanta. Duk da cewa babban burin asusun shi ne samar da kudaden da za’a taimakawa ‘yan jarida, ofishin na iya taimakwa wajen zaban lauyan da ya lakanci dokokin fadan albarkacin baki na “First Amendment” a duka jihohi 50 na kasar.

Other Resources/ Karin Bayanai
Defence Handbook for Journalista and Bloggers/ Littafin tsaro na ‘yan jarida da masu rubutu a taskokin blog – Kungiyoyi da dama suka ada wannan littafin mai shafuka kusan 300. Daga cikinsu akwai Reporters Without Borders ko kuma ‘yan jarida marasa iyaka, gidauniyar Thomas Reuters da wani kamfanin lauyoyi na kasa da kasa mai suna Paul Hastings LLP. Sassan littafin sun hada da Martaba da batanci, Dama na sirri, tsari na jama’a da halin kirki, tsaron kasa da sirrin kasa.

Shawara: Kare kai daga barazanar doka, daga Kyu Ho Youm.

UNESCO Guidelines for Prosecutors/ Shawarwarin UNESCO ga masu shigar da kara: Wannan rahoton ya bayyana shawarwari daki-daki wa masu shigar da kara na yadda za su tafiyar da shari’o’in miyagun laifukan da aka yi wa ‘yan jarida a harsuna takwas, wadanda suka hada da: Turanci, Portuganci, Rashanci, Larabci, harshen Indonesiya da na China.
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Emergency Aid for Journalists/ Agajin Gaggawa ma ‘Yan Jarida

Abokan aikinmu da ke fuskantar barazana a duniya. Tun shekarar 1992, an kashe dubban ‘yan jarida sannan wasu dubban kuma sun fiskanci farmaki, tsoratarwa da hukuncin dauri, da fitina.
Akwia kungiyoyi da dama da ke bayar da agajin gaggawa duk sadda dan jarida ke fiskantar hatsari. Irin taimakon da suke bayarwa sun hada da magunguna, da daukar nauyin shari’a da ma fitar da ‘yan jarida daga kasashen da suke fuskantar hadari- Idan har akwai wanda ke fuskantar hadari, kada ya yi sake wajen tambayar taimako – akwai taimako.

The Committee to Protect Journalists/ Kwamitin Kare ‘Yan Jarida CPJ
CPJ wanda ke da mazaunin shi a birnin New York ya na gudanar da wani shirin da ke taimakawa ‘yan jarida a fannonin shri’a, kiwon lafiya da ma sauyawa ‘yan jaridan da ke fuskantar hadari wuraren zama. Yana kuma tallafawa iyalan ‘yan jaridan da aka yi wa kisar gilla ko kuma suka sami hukuncin dauri a kurkuku.

Reporters Without Borders/ ‘Yan jarida marasa iyaka ko kuma Reporters Without Borders

Wannan kungiya wadda aka fi saninta da sunanta na faransanci wato Reporters Sans Frontiéres na da mazauninta a birnin Paris. RSF tana bayar da tallafin kudi ga ‘yan jarida da gidajen labarai ta yadda za su iya kare kansu da iyalan wadanda aka daure a kurkuku. A shafin da ake kira Assistance Desk. Ana iya samun karin bayani kan kudaden insora na ‘yan jarida masu zaman kansu.

Free Press Unlimited/ Walwalar aikin jarida ba
Wannan kungiyar mai zaman kanta, wadda ke tabbatar da ci-gaban kafofin yada labarai mallakar kasar Holland ce, kuma tana da abin da ta kira Reporters Respond, wato asusu gaggawa na kasa da kasa wanda ke taimakawa ‘yan jarida da kafofin watsa labarai ta kai tsaye. Wannan kungiya tana amsa bukatun da ‘yan jarida suka tura mata cikin sa’o’i 24. Ana iya tura sakon E-mail zuwa [email protected] ko kuma a kira +31208000400.

International Women’s Media Foundation/ Gidauniyar kasa da kasa ta mata masu aikin jarida IWMF

IWMF tana bayar da tallafi a fanin kiwon lafiya, da kudin sauya matsugunni da kuma taimako a fanin shari’a wa “mata masu aikin jarida ko da kafofin yada labarai ko kuma masu zaman kansu a fanin rediyo, talbijin, jarida da yanar gizo. Kungiyar ba ta daukan korifi daga wandada ke aiki a kungiyoyin da ba aikin jarida suke yi ba.

Lifeline Fund/Asusun Lifeline

Asusun Lifeline yana tallafawa kungiyoyin fararen hulan da suke fuskantar barazana ko hare-hare, da ma kungiyoyin ‘yan jarida. Tare da goyon bayan gwamnatoci da gidauniyoyi 17, Lifeline na bayar da tallafi na gaggawa na gajeren lokaci irin wanda za’a iya amfani da shi wajen zuwa asibiti, samun lauyoyi, sanya ido a kan shari’a, samun wurin zaman a wani gajereen lokaci, tsaro da kuma sayen kayayyakin aiki. Lifeline na la’akari da duk aiyukan da wanda abin ya shafa ya yi a baya, aiyukan da suka danganci kare hakkin bil adama da wanzuwar dimokiradiyya.

Media Defense/ Tsaro na kafafen yada labarai:

Wannan kungiyar na birnin Landan kuma tana taimakawa ‘yan jarida ma’aikatan kafofin yada labarai da masu zaman kansa, da ‘yan kasa masu aikin jarida dan kansu wadanda ke fuskantar barazanar zuwa kotu. Kungiyar na kuma baiwa kafofin yada labarai kudaden da za su taimaka su wajen zuwa kotu da ma sauran aiyukan da za su tabbatar da ‘yancin walwalar kafafen yada labarai.

Rory Peck Fund/ Gidauniyar Rory Peck: mai mazauni a Landan, gidauniyar Rory Peck na tallafawa manema labarai masu zaman kansu da iyalansu a duk fadin duniya a karkashin shirinta na tallafawa manema labarai masu zaman kansu.

Rest and Refuge Fellowships: Akwai tallafi dan hutu da mafaka wa ‘yan jaridan da ke fuskantar matsaloli a kasashen da ke fama da ukubar yaki da sauran rigingimu. Shirin wanda ke samun goyon bayan RSF da Gidauniyar Taz Panter na bayar da kudaden tafiya da hutu na akalla watanni uku a birnin Berlin.

Cibiyar tabbatar da walwalar ‘yan jarida da kafofin yada labarai na Turai ta kaddamar da abin da ta kira “alarm centre” ko kuma cibiyar kararraurawa dan mata ma’aikata a kafafofin yada labarai inda za su iya kai karar duk wani harin da aka kai musu dan samun shawara da taimako.

Ko kuna da shawarwari? Turo mana sako ta hanyar email za mu sanya da sauran.
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Contacts and Networking/ Hanyoyin tuntuba da sadarwa

Investigative Journalism Organizations/ Kungiyoyin Aikin jarida na bincike

Ga kungiyi masu zaman kansu da wasu wadanda ba ruwansu da gwamnati a duniya baki daya, wadanda ke goyon bayan irin aikin jaridan da ya mayar da hankali kan bincike mai zurfi. An jera sunayen kungiyoyin daga kowane yanki. Kungiyoyi iri-iri ne wadanda suka hada da dakunan labaran da ke aiki kyauta, masu wallafa jaridu a yanar gizo, kungiyoyin kwararru, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, cibiyoyin koyarwa da na nazari a kusan kasashe 50. Domin tabbatar da cewa an sa kungiyoyi daga kowane bangare, GIJN ta yi amfani da wadannan sharuddan: An tsara kungiyar a matsayin wadda ba ta karban kudi, ba ruwanta da gwamnati kuma ayyukan ta na cigaban al’umma ne. Haka nan kuma, burinta ya kunshi tallafawa bincike a aikin jarida da kafofin yada labarai, tana bayar da mahimmanci ko kuma ta bayar da kai ga rahotanin shirye-shirye masu zurfi da bayanai na zahiri. Idan akwai da ku ke ganin sun dace a sanya da baku gani ba ku rubuto mana a [email protected]

Finding Expert Sources/ Samun kwararrun majiyoyi

Kuna neman majiyoyi? Samun kwararru a wani fanni na musamman yawanci da shi ne ake fara labari. GIJN ta gudanar da bincike kan shawarwari da dama dangane da kwararrun majiyoyi. Bayan da aka cire wadanda aka daina yayinsu, da wadanda suke tattare sarkakiya da ma wadanda na talla ne kadai, mun samu kadan wadanda za’a iya amfani da su. Daga kasa za ku ga shidda daga cikin kundin bayanan da ke aiki wanda yawancin ‘yan jarida ke amfani da su wajen samun kwarraru.
Kuna kuma iya zuwa shafin cibiyar bayanan mata ma’aikatan jarida wato Women in Journalism Resource centre.

SCiLine

Kwalejin Ci gaban Kimiyya na Amirka ne ke daukan nauyin wannan kuma “tsari ne mai zaman kanshi wanda ke hada ‘yan jarida da kwarraru kyauta kuma a kan lokaci, da ma sauran masu sadarwa a kafofin jarda, rediyo da talbijin da ma labarai na dijital dangane da batutuwan da suka shafi kimiya.” Wajibi ne a tura sako dangane da abin da ka ke bukata, wa’adin da ka ke da shi da fannin kwarewar da ka ke bukata

Dandalin Ku Nemi Kwararriya a Fanin Kimiyya, dandali ne da mata masana kimiyya 500 ke daukar nauyin shi. “yana sada mata masana kimiyyan da aka tantance wadanda kuma suke da kwarewa mai zurfi a fannoni daban-daban na kimiyyar da duk wanda ke bukatar tattaunawa da masana kimiyya a labarin shi, ko ya gayyaci babban mai magana a taro ko mahawara ko koyarwa ko kuma taron karawa juna sani. Ana iya samun macen da za ta hada gwiwa da ku a wani shiri ko kuma dai kawai ta kasance kwararriya a kowane irin fanni ake bukata.

Diverse Sources/ Majiyoyi daban-daban – Wannan kundin bayanai na kwararru a fannonin kimiyya, kiwon lafiya da muhalli, wadanda bas u yi suna sosai na

Expertise Finder/ Manhajan gano gwani – wani tsohon dan jarida kuma kwararren injiniya a fannin sarrafa “software” ya kirkiro wannan manhajan da zai iya gano kwararru n da ke kusa da unguwar ku. Manhajjan zai fitar da sunayen wadanda aka riga aka tantance a matsayin majiyoyi a jami’o’in da ke kasashen Amirka da Canada da ma cibiyoyin nazari masu daraja. Shafukan sun bayyana sunayen majiyoyin da fannonin da suka kware, sun bayar da takaitaccen bayani dangane da su, sun kuma bayar da lambobinsu ta yadda za’a iya tuntubar su. Duk wannan kyauta ne kuma kamfanin na samun kudaden shigan shi daga makarantu ne, wato Jami’o’i da kwalejoji, ta hanyar shirya takardun da suka kunshi sunayen kwararru a fannoni daban-daban.

Shesource: Wannan shiri ne wata kungiyar mata mai zaman kanta ne mai suna Women’s Media Centre ko kuma cibiyar ‘yan jarida mata. Shirin ya kunshi bayanan mata kwararru 1,100 wadanda aka tantance a fannoni daban-daban dangane da batutuwa iri-iri a duk fadin duniya. Ana iya amfani da sunayensu ko kalma guda a fannin kwarewar da ake bukatar taimako. Akwai kuma takaitaccen tarihin su da hotuna. Za’a iya tuntubar su kai tsaye bayan an cika wasu takarkadu a shafin.

Women Plus: Wannan kungiyar ma ta mata ce. Ya kunshi mata sama da 750 wadanda suka zabi kansu a fannin fasaha ko kuma abin da suka kira “tech experts” kwararru a fannin fasaha. Sunayen na shirye daki-daki a fannonin da ake bukata.

Expertfile: Wannan ya kunshi kwararru a batutuwa fiye da 25,000, kuma yana samun taimako wajen rarrabawa daga hadakar da ya kulla da kamfanin dillanci labarai na Associated Press.

The China – Africa Project/ Shirin Hadin Gwiwa na China da Afirka – Yana dauke da sunayen kwararrun da suka iya sharhi kan kowane bangare na dangantakar da ke tsakanin China da Afirka

ProfNet – yana karkashin jagorancin kamfanin PR Newswire kuma kyauta ne ga duk dan jaridan da ya yi rajista.

Finding Experts using the Internet 2018/ Samun kwararru ta hanyar amfani da yanar gizo 2018 – Babban kundi na kwararru wanda Marcus P Zillman ya hada wa LLRX wato bayanai na shari’a da fasaha wa kwararru a fanin shari’a. A shekarar 1996 Edita kuma mawallafiya Sabrina I. Pacifici ta girka kamfanin da ake kira LLRX.com

The Conversation Research and Expert Database/ Bincike da kundin bayanan kwararru na dandalin tattaunawar The Conversation Shafin ya wallafa sunayen marubutan da suka taba rubutu a shafin The Conversation, wadda “kafa ce mai zaman kanta ta wallafa labarai da ra’ayoyi daga al’ummar manazarta da masu bincike, kai tsaye zuwa ga al’umma.”

Help a Reporter Out/ Taimaki dan jarida (HARO) mallakar kamfanin Cision ne wanda kamfanin bayanan sirrin kafofin yada labarai ne da ke da mazaunin shi a birnin Chicago a Amirka. Wannan tallafi kyauta ne wa duk wanda ya yi rajista kuma yana bai wa kwararrun manema labaran da ba su yi rajista ba damar aikar da korafi a rubuce, wanda ke bayyana labarinsu a takaice, abin da suke bukata da wa’adin shi. Editocin HARO za su tantance korafin su turawa majiyoyi ko wakilansu da ke aiki da su. Wadanda ke sha’awa sai su bayyana wa dan jaridan da ya rubuto korafin, wanda kuma zai iya sakaya sunansa. A cewar kamfanin, ‘yan jarida 55,000 da majiyoyi 800,000 suka yi rajista da su. Dukkansu kuma na da adireshin email.

Manhajojin Google Scholar da Microsoft Academic kundin bayanai ne da ke baiwa masu bincike cikakken jerin kasidun da manazarta ko kwarru a fanin illimi suka wallafa, wadanda za’a iya ganowa a shafin batun da suka tabo. Za’a iya amfani da kwanan wata da adadin mutanen da suka yi amfani da rubutun domin gano irin kwararrun da suka dace da abin da dan jaridan ke bukata. Wasu daga cikin shafukan kwararrun sun bayyana takaitaccen tarihinsu da kasidun da suka wallafa, wadanda ke alaka da su, fannonin nazarin, wadanda suka yi rubutun da su da adireshin shafin yanar-gizon su. Kadan daga cikin ayyukansu ana iya samu ta PDF ko kuma kai tsaye daga adireshinsu na yanar gizo. Duk wanda ya yi rajista da Google scholar zai iya samun email alert wadda hanya ce da ke sanar da duk sadda aka sami sabon kasida a fanin da suke sha’awa ta email.

Shoeleather, kundin bayanan Amirka ne da aka fara a 2018 don gano marubutan da ba suwa zama a biranen da ke da manyan kafofin yada labarai kamar New York, Los Angeles, Washington D.C.; da San Francisco, amma kuma a yankunan da suka fizo suna da kwarewa sosai kuma a shirye suke su bayar da nasu labaran.

Wani bayani mai kyaun gaske na yadda za’a iya samun majiyoyi a yi amfani da su yadda ya kamata sannan a kare su ya na babi na shidda a littafin bincike a aikin jarida ko kuma The Investigative Journalism Manual a turance, wanda shiri ne da aka yi a 2010 a karkashin shirye-shiryen kafofin yada labarai na duniya a karkashin ayyukan gidauniyar Konrad Adenauer.

Kuna da wanda kuke so ku kara? Rubuto mana a GIJN
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Working with Whistleblowers/ Aiki da masu fallasa bayanan sirri

Whistleblowers ko kuma masu fallasa bayanan sirri – ma’aikata wadanda ke fallasa haramtattun ayyuka da karbar cin hanci da rashawa – suna da mahimmanci wajen samo irin bayanan da ‘yan jarida ke bukata. Daga inda suke aiki cikin gwamnatoci, kamfanoni da sauran kungiyoyi za su iya bayar da hujjoji da irin alamun da ake bukata domin fallasa abubuwa, kama daga zamba da almubazaranci har zuwa miyagun aiyuka, makirci da miyagun laifukan yaki.

Sai dai ya na da mahimmanci ‘yan jarida su tantance manufar masu fallasar domin su iya tantance bayanan da su ke bayarwa. Haka nan kuma yana da mahimmanci a san yadda za’a kare su a matsayin majiyoyin labarin.
An yi sa’a akwai bayanai da dama kan fallasa, har da karuwar da aka samu a yawan kungiyoyi masu zaman kansun da ke da kwarewa ta wannan fanin a kasashen duniya.

Domin taimakwa ‘yan jarida su bi diddigin irin wadannan labaran a yanayi mai kalubalen gaske, GIJN ta kirkiro kundin da ya jera irin wadannan wurare na samun taimako. Idan har akwai wanda kuke ganin ba mu sa ba, rubuto mana ta adireshinmu [email protected].

Fallasa shi ne idan na miji ko na mace wanda, saboda imanin da ya/ta yi da kare darajar al’umma, ya/ta yi watsi da bukatun kamfanin da ya/ta ke aiki dan ya/ta fito fil ta tona duk wani abun da kamfanin ya ke yi da ya shafi karbar cin hanci da rashawa, haramtacce, zamba, ko kuma yana iya raunata jama’a.
– Ralph Nader, Mai bayar da shawara da kuma fafutukar kare hakkin jama’a.

Guidance from Experts/Shawarwari daga kwararru

Idan har masu fallasa sun amince su bayar da bayanai, wajibi ne su sami kulawa ta musamman.
GIJN ta takaita wadansu mahimman sharudda na aiki da masu fallasa daga majiyoyi iri-iri. Rahoton na kunshe da cikakken bayani kuma ya dace a karanta.

The Perugia Principles for Journalists/ Ka’idoji ma ‘yan jarida na Perugia, wanda aka yi wa taken “Aiki da Masu Fallasa a zamanin Dijital.” A shekarar 2019 aka fara wallafawa, Julie Posetti, Dr. Suelette Dreyfus da Naomi Colvin suka rubuta. Marubutan sun kirkiro ka’dojin na Perugia lokacin wata tattaunawa ta musamman tare da tallafin wasu ‘yan jaria na kasa da kasa da kwararru 20. Kungiyar Blueprint for Free Speech, wadda ke fafutukar kare hakkin ‘yan jarida na fadan albarkacin baki da ke birnin Perugia a Italy ce ta dauki nauyin tattaunawar a watan Afrilun 2018. Bayan nan ne marubutan suka sake ganawa da kwararru a fannin bincike a aikin jarida, lauyoyi da masan illimi domin kwaskware ka’idoji 12 da suka gindaya.

a. Da farko, a kare majiyoyi. Kada a bayyana sunayensu sadda aka tambaya.
b. Sadda za ku sada a karon farko, idan zai yiwu, ku tabbatar cewa hanyoyin yin hakan nagartattu ne kuma za sub a su kariya.
c. Ku yi la’akari da hadarin da mai fallasa zai iya fuskanta, dan haka ku sa su su yi tunanin gaba da yadda za su tafiyar da rayuwarsu bayan labarin ya fita.
d. Ku tantance bayanin kuna bayar da fifiko kan darajar da bayanin ke da shi ga ci-gabar al’umma ba ra’ayinka ba ko kuma halayya ko ra’ayin mai fallasar ba.
e. Ku dauki nauyin kare kan ku a duniyar yanar gizo ku yi amfani da lambobi masu sarkakiya wadanda ake kira “encryption” a turance. Duk da cewa ba lallai ne encryption ya kare majiyoyinku ba, ya na bayar da kariya a matakin farko.
f. Ku tantance abubuwan da za su kasance barazana mafi hadari gare ku da majiyoyinku, da kuma irin matakan da ya kamata ku dauka dan kare juna.
g. Ku bayyana wa majiyarku irin hadarin da ke tattare da bayyana abu a yanar gizo. Idan labarai masu sarkakiya ne ku koya wa majiyoyinku mahimman matakan kare kai a yanar gizo.
h. Ku wallafa duka bayanan da kuka samu na ainihi idan da hali kuma babu wani hadari, yin hakan na da mahimmanci ga labarai.
i. Ku yi amfani da amintattun hanyoyi wajen goge bayanan da amsu fallasar suka bayar, idan har an tambaya, domin ku sakaye sunayen mahiyoyin, abin da ya zo daidai da matakan da’a da doka da nauyin da ya rataya a kan mai aiki.
j. Ku tabbata duk hanyoyin musayar bayanan da aka yi amfani da su a yanar gizo, irin su drop box suna da kariya mai inganci, sa’annan wa bayanan da ke dauke da sirri a tabbatar an sakaya sunayensu.
k. Ku fahimci kadar, yankin da dokokin kasa da kasa na kare majiyoyin da suka bayar da bayani a boye ko kuma suka yi fallasa.
l. Ku baiwa masu wallafa jaridu karfin gwiwar aiwatar da nauyin da ya rataya a wuyarsu na tabbatar da tsaro ga bayanan ‘yan jarida, majiyoyi da bayanan da aka boye tare da irin horaswar da ta dace da kuma manufofin da za su jagoranci ‘yan jaridar.
Rahoton ya fadada wadannan ka’idojin. An kuma wallafi a harsunan Rashanci, Girkanci, Spanianci da Jamusanci.

10 tips for Journalists working with Whistleblowers/ Shawarwar 10 ma ‘yan jaridan da ke aiki da masu fallasa. Wannan labarin da Rowan Philp ya rubuta a 2019 ya takaita mahimman sakonnin masu gabatarwa a babban taron GIJC, wanda aka yi a 2019 a birnin Hamburg na kasar Jamus.

Working with Whistleblowers: A Guide for Journalists/ Aiki da masu fallasa: Shwarwari ga ‘yan jarida – Kungiyoyin Amurka biyu ne suka buga wannan littafin: Shirin sanya ido a kan gwamnati (GAP) daya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin fallasa masu zaman kansu, da Al’ummar ‘Yan jarida Kwararru (society of Professional Journalists). A 2017 aka wallafa. “muna fatan taimakawa ‘yan jarida su kare masu fallasa a maimakon kyale su, su fuskanci ramuwar gayya,” a cewar gabatarwar takardar mai shafuka 36. Ya kuma kara da wadannan shawarwarin:

• Domin hadarin afkuwar ramuwar gayya a kan masu fallasar yana da yawa kuma dokokin na da sarkakiya, ‘yan jarida da majiyoyi za su sami tallafi sosai idan suka hada gwiwa da GAP da sauran lauyoyin da suka lakanci dokokin fallasa kafin su yi amfani da bayanan da suka samu daga majiyoyi.
• Ka da ‘yan jarida su sanya kan su a cikin labari; Kai ba mai bayar da shawara ne ko dabaru, kuma kai ba lauya ba ne. Amma ta sa yardar ka da nuna fahimtar cewa akwai matakai na musamman wajen tinkarar labaran da ke da alaka da majiyoyi na fallasa, ka na iya taimakwa a sami rahotanni masu bayanan da ke da darajan gaske ga al’umma, yayin da ake daukan matakan da za su kare majiyarka.
• Idan wani ma’aikaci ya tinkare ka da bayanai dangane da kura-kurai masu tsananin gaske, ko da batun ya danganci tauya hakkin dana dam, barazana ga muhakki ko kuma hadari ga tsaron kasa, ‘yan jarida su yi hankali wajen tattaunawa da ma’aikacin domin su tabbatar da cewa mutumin ya yi la’akari da duk zabubbukan da yake da shi dangane da hanyar da ta fi dacewa ya kai bayanan da ya ke so ya bayar.

The Whistleblower Project/ Shirin Masu Fallasa na al’ummar kwararrun ‘yan jarida a Amurka na da rubuce-rubuce sosai kan wannan batu, har ma da tattaunawar da aka yi kan bukatar a tabbatar da tsaro a duk sadarwar da ta shafi irin wadannan bayanan.

Covering Whistleblowers: 6 Tips for Journalists/ Yin labarai kan masu fallasa: shawarwari 6 wa ‘yan jarida – Wannan kasidar da Denise-marie Ordway ta rubuta a 2019 na daga cikin jerin abubuwan da ke tallafawa ‘yan jarida. Shawarwari shiddan da ke kasidar su ne:
a. Kafin ku bayyana sunan wanda ya yi fallasa, ku duba ku gani ko bayanan da ya bayar ya fi irin hadarin da shi da ma wasu za su fuskanta a sakamakon labarin mahimmanci.
b. Kada ku mayar da hankali a dalilin da ya sa mai fallasar ya bayar da bayanan
c. Ku fahimci banbancin da ke tsakanin masu fallasa da wadanda suka fitar da bayanai da gangar.
d. Ku tabbatar kun sami kyakyawar dabara ta sadarwa
e. Ku nemi karin illimi kan dokokin da suka danganci kare masu fallasa musamman yadda suka shafi wanda ya kawo muku bayanan.
f. Ku tabbata kun san irin wuraren da za ku sami taimako wajen fahimtar batutuwan da suka shafi masu fallasa.

The Art of Working with Whistleblowers/ Salon aiki da masu fallasa
A wannan labarin, jaridar journalism.co.uk ta bayyana darussan Meirion Jones, edita a ofishin aikin bincike na jarida (BIJ) da ke Burtaniya. “daya daga cikin matakan da ya fi mahimmanci, a cewar Jones she ne kare suna da lafiyar wanda ya kawo labarin. Idan har akwai hadarin cewa hakan ba zai yiwu ba, gara kada a yi amfani da labarin baki daya ko kuma a wallafa kadan daga cikin abubuwan da ba za su tayar da hankali sosai ba,” a cewar labarin.

What Journalists Need to Know About Whistleblowers/ Abin da ya kamata ‘yan jarida su sani a kan masu fallasa – littafi ne da cibiyar masu fallasa na kasa a Amurka (US National Whistleblowers Center) ta wallafa. Batutuwa biyar aka tattauna: Ku sa dokokin, ku sakaya sunan wanda ya kawo labarin, ku san irin hadarin da ke tattare mai fallasar, “wadanda ke fallasa batutuwan da suka shafi leken asiri suna da nasu dokokin,” da kuma banbancin masu bayar da bayanai da gangar da masu fallasa ko tona asiri.

Protecting Sources and Whistleblowers in the Digital Age/ Kare majiyoyi da masu fallasa a zamanin kafofin yada labarai na dijital
Dokar bayanai da cibiyar manufofin da ke kwalejin karatun shari’a a jami’ar Landan sun fitar da rahoto kan wata tattaunawar da aka yi da wata kungiyar kwararru na mutane 25 masu bincike a aikin jarida, da wakilai daga kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da lauyoyin kafafen yada labarai da masu bincike na musamman a watan Satumban 2016. Rahoton ya bayar da shawarar cewa ‘yan jarida da kafaofin yada labarai su yi abubuwa kamar haka:

• Karfafa manufofi kan fasaha mai karko, kulawa ma majiyoyi da kariya.
• Bita kan irin ma’amalar da suke yi da majiyoyin da su ka bukaci a sakaya sunayensu
• Horaswa kan yadda ya kamata a kare majiya

UNESCO’S Protecting Journalism Sources in the Digital Age/ Kare majiyoyin ‘yan jarida a zamanin dijital na UNESCO littafi ne da ya kunshi shawarwar da bayanai kan hanyoyin kare majiyoyi a kasashe 120.

International Bar Association/ Kungiyar kwararrun lauyoyi na kasa da kasa IBA
A shekarar 2018 IBA ta wallafa “Whistleblower protections: A Guide,” wanda ya duba dokoki har ma da shafin da ya kunshi bayanai da dokokin kasa. Ku je shafin IBA ku nemi labarin kuna amfani da Kalmar “whistleblowers”

Kungiyoyin kasa da kasa (International Organisations)

Hadakar kungiyoyin kasa da kasa na masu fallasa WIN (Whistleblowing International Network) Wannan hadin gwiwar kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu da na fararen hulan da ke aiki a fannin tabbatar da kariya wa masu fallasa. Kungiyar da ke da shlkwatarta a Scotland na bai wa mambobi damar musayar illiminsu da kwarewa a fannin shari’a da aiki masu fallasa, ta yadda za su lalubo martanoni na dimokiradiyya ga batun fallasar a matakin cikin gida da na kasa da kasa, su kuma kara tallafawa wadanda ke aiki wajen kare masu fallasar a duniya baki daya. WIN na bayar da shawarwari, kayayyakin aiki, da kwarewarta ga kungiyoyin fararen hular da ke karewa da ma tallafawa masu fallasa a duniya. Mitar auna fallasa ta Tarayyar Turai (The EU Whistleblowing Meter) na bin diddigin yunkurin kasashen Tarayyar Turai wajen aiwatar da umurnin da tarayyar ta bayar a shekarar 2019 dan ganin ya zama doka.

Cibiyar masu fallasa ta kasa (National Whistleblower Center) kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wadda shelkwatarta ke Washington, D.C. Kungiyar na dauakar nauyin shawarwari, illimi da shirye-shirye, a ciki har da kundin bayanai na database da ya bayyana dokoki da wuraren samaun tallafi wa masu fallasa a kowace kasa. NWC tana kuma da wata karamar shiri ta kasa da kasa da ke aiki da ‘ya jarida, masu rajin kare ‘yancin fadan albarkacin baki, lauyoyi da jami’an gwamnati. Akwai kuma littafi mai suna The New Whistleblower’s Handbook da aka wallafa a shekarar 2019. NWC tana kuma da taskar blog inda ta kan rubuta sharhuna.

Shirin Sanya Ido kan Gwamnati (The Government Accountability Project)
Mai mazaunin shi a Washington D.C. ya ce manufar shi ya kunshi “inganta matakan sanya ido kan manyan kamfanoni da gwamnatoci ta hanyar kare masu fallasa, da wanzuwar ‘yancin fadan albarkacin baki a wuraren aiki da kuma bai wa ‘yan kasa masu fafutuka karfin gwiwa.” Ya wallafa litattafai na shawara da yadda masu fallasa za su tsira. Tun 1977, GAP ya taimaka ma mutane fiye da 8,000 a fannonin gwamnati da ‘yan kasuwa. Daga nan ne ya wallafa wani littafi mai suna Caught Between Conscience & Career: Expose Abuse Without Exposing Identity, wato Tsakanin Imani da Aikin yi: fallasa batanci ba tare da bayyana kai ba, wanda ake gani shawarwarin kare kai ne wa duk masu fallasa.

Transparency International na aiki da gwamnati, ‘yan kasuwa da kungiyoyin fararen hula wajen dakatar da cin hanci da rashawa dan inganta matakan yin ayyuka a bayyane, da sa ido, kuma cikin mutunci. TI na da rassa fiye da 100 a kasashen duniya kuma babban ofishinta na kasa da kasa na birnin Berlin. Akwai ofisoshi uku da ke da kwarewa a fallasa: Accion Ciudadana a Guatemala, Transparency International Ireland da Tranparency International Russia.

Digital Whistleblwing Fund wani karamin shiri ne na tallafi da ke karkashin jagorancin Cibiyar Hermes da Gidauniyar Renewable Freedom “wanda ke taimakawa kungiyoyin masu bincike a aikin jarida, da kare hakkin dan adam da kungiyoyin talakawa wajen samun tallafin kudi da aiki, da dabarun tabbatar ingancin tsaro a shirin fallasar da suke da shi a yanar gizo ko kuma dijital. Wannan ya kasance daya daga cikin burukansu na zamantakewa.” Shirin bincike a aikin jarida na Italiya (IRPI) na daya daga cikin wadanda suka sami irin wannan tallafi, kuma sun yi amfani da shi wajen gina ingantaccen shafin da masu fallasa za su iya tura bayanai.

Babban taron yaki da cin hanci da rashawa na kasa da kasa. (The International Anti-Corruption Conference) dandali ne na kasashen duniya, da ke tattara wakilan gwamnatoci, kungiyoyin fararen hula, da ‘yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu domin su tattauna kalubalen cin hanci da rashawa. Babban taron ya fi mayar da hankali ne kan masu fallasa da batutuwan da suka danganci hakan. Yana karkashin jagorancin kungiyar IACC wadda ke Transparency Internationl. Ana gudanar da babban taron bayan kowane shekaru biyu.

Kayyakin Aiki (Tools)

Secure Drop wannan wani tsari ne da ya tanadi duk masu fallasa su tura bayanan su, wanda ke karkashin jagorancin gidauniyar ‘yancin kafofin yada labarai a Amurka, kuma duk kafofin yada labarai na iya amfani da bayanan ba tare da an bayyana wanda ya tur aba. Gidauniyar na da ofishinta a San Francisco ne kuma tana taimakwa wajen horas da duk mutanen da ke amfani da Secure Drop.

GlobalLeaks na tanadar da software, ko kuma fasahar da ake amfani da shi wajen aiki da komfuta. Wannan na taimakawa wajen tabbatar da tsaro a kan shafukan ta yadda ba kowa ne zai iya gani ba amma masu fallasa, ‘yan jarida da ma wasu majiyoyi na iya gani har ma su yi ma’amala da juna. Wannan tsarin na iya taimakawa kafofin yada labarai, kungiyoyin masu rajin kare hakkin dana dam, hukumomin gwamnati da manyan kamfanoni. Yana karkashin jagorancin Cibiyar tabbatar da gaskiya da kare hakkin bil adama na Hermes da ke Milan. GlobaLeaks na bayar da kayayykin aikin na software domin tallafawa ayyukan fallasa.

Kayan aiki na masu fallasa (Tools for Whistleblowers)
Michael Wereschagin dan jarida mai zaman kan shi wanda ke bincike kuma mawallafi daga birnin Pittsburgh a jihar Pennsylvania ne ya hada wannan. Wereschagin ya jera sunayen irin tsare-tsaren da kafofin yada labarai da ‘yan jarida masu zaman kansu ke amfani da su.

Kungiyoyi a jere ta sunayen kasashe (Organisations by Country)

Kungiyoyin da ke kasa sun kunshi kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu wadanda ke tallafawa masu fallasa suna kuma samar musu da damammakin yin hakan. Gaba daya, ba mu sanya ma’akatan shari’an da ke ayyukan fallasa ba ko manyan kamfanonin da ke bayar da software, ko da shi ke wasu daga cikin shafukansu na yanar gizo na da bayanai masu mahimmanci. Muna maraba da shawarwari, ku tuntube mu a adireshinmu na [email protected]

Africa

Baki daya (General)

AfriLeaks na karkashin jagorancin hadakar kafafen yada labaran Afirkan da ke amfani da wata amintacciyar hanyarsamun bayanai na dropbox. Mutane na iya tura sakonni sa’annan su zabi mambar kungiyar da suke so ta gudanat da binciken. Wannan shirin hadin gwiwa ne tsakanin Kawancen Cibiyoyin Bincike na aikin Jarida a Afirka da Cibiyar Tabbatar da Gaskiya da Kare Hakkin Dan Adam a Yanar Gizo na Hermes.

Dandalin kare masu fallasa a Afirka (Platform to Protect Whistleblowers in Africa) – wanda ke birnin Paris kungiya ce mai bayar da shawarwari da taimako a fannin shari’a, wadda a shekarar 2020 ta baiwa wata hadakar kungiyoyin kasa da kasa na ‘yan jarida masu bincike bayanan da suka kasance tushen binciken da aka kaddamar kan Isabel dos Santos, biloniyar nan wadda mahaifinta shi ne tsohon shugaban kasar Angola.

Afirka ta Kudu (South Africa)

Cibiyar shawarwari ta dimokiradiyya mai gaskiya (Open Democracy Advice Center) burinta ita ce inganta dimokiradiyya mai gaskiya, da renon al’adar sanya ido kan manyan kamfanoni da gwamnatoci, ta kuma illimantar da ‘yan kasa kan hakkin dan adam. Cibiyar na inganta nuna gaskiya, da damar samun bayanai kuma yana tallafawa masu fallasa.

Turai (Europe/Eurasia)

Baki daya (General)

Cibiyar kare hakkin masu fallasa na tarayyar Turai mai ofishi a Berlin, ta na taimakawa masu fallasa kuma ita ma tana taimakawa da manufofi da shari’a. A bazarar 2019 ta wallafa kasidarta na farko wanda ke fitowa kwane wata uku.

Hadin gwiwar kasashen yankin kudu maso gabashin Turai dan kare masu fallasa (The Southeast Europe Coalition on Whistleblower Protection) Hadaka ce ta kungiyoyi daga kasashe 12

FishyLeaks – shi ma shafi ne na samun bayanai da wata kungiya mai suna Our Fish ta kirkiro yayin da ta ke gangamin na wayar da kan jama’a dangane da yawan kamun kifin da ake yi a teku, wanda kasancewa barazana ga muhalli. FishyLeaks na samun tallafi daga Funding Fish ko gidauniyar kifaye da burin samun jama’an da za su rika kawo musu rahotannin haramtattun abubuwan da suka gani a ruwayen Turai.

Albaniya

Cibiyar Nazarin Dimokiradiyya da Mulki (The center for the Study of Democracy and Governance) Ya wallafa littafin shawarwari wa masu fallasa wadanda ke fallasa a Albaniya

Austria

Fallasa a kasar Austriya (Whistleblowing in Austria) an kirkiro ta ne a 2011 a matsayin kungiyar da za ta taimaka wa ‘yan kasa su dauki matakin bayyana zalunci da rashin gaskiya.

Faransa (France)
Transparency International Faransa na da shafin da ke taimakwa masu fallasa wajen tsegunta batutuwan da suka shafi cin hanci da rashawa

La Maison des Lanceurs d’Alerte kungiya ce ta Faransa wadda ke bayar da taimako a fannin shari’a, lafiyar kwakwalwa da kafofin yada labarai da ma tallafin kudi wa masu fallasar da ke bukata. Ta na kuma bayar da irin abubuwan da ake bukata a yanar gizo kamar su lambobin tuntuba, shawarwari da bayanai dangane da shari’a.

Jamus (Germany)

Hadakar Kungiyoyin masu fallasa (Whistleblower Network) Mambobin kungiyar ‘yan sa-kai ne, ‘yan jarida da masu fallasar suka kirkiro kungiyar a shekarar 2006. Kungiyar na bayar da shawarwari sa’annan yana aiki da masu fallasa, masu bincike da ‘yan jarida a lokacin da ya dace. Shafin dandali ne na bayanai dangane da masu fallasa. A kowace rana akwai labarai na taskar blog da ke dauke da halin da ake ciki ko inda aka kwana a batun na fallasa.

Hungary

K Monitor mai sanya ido kan kudaden al’umma (K Monitor Watchdog for Public Funds) an kafa shi a shekarar 2007 a matsayin wata hanya na sanya batutuwan da suka shafi matsalar cin hanci da rashawa a kasar Hungary da ma kasa da kasa a cikin labarai. Kungiyar na kokarin wanzar da ra’ayin samar da bayanan da al’umma ke bukata ta yin amfani da bincike mai zurfi a aikin jarida, kuma shafin yana da database inda ‘yan jarida da ma masu fallasa za su iya samun bayanan da suke bukata.

Ireland

Transparency International Ireland
A shekarar 2004 aka kafa ta kuma tana aiki ne ta tabbatar cewa an bi ma kowa hakkin shi, ko da mutun ya kasasnce a bangaren gwamnati ko na ‘yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu. Burinta shi ne a samar ma jama’a hanyoyin dogaro-da-kai ta amfani da illimi, da bayanai da kuma bincike. Littafin ta mai suna Speak Up Safely Guide (sauke a nan) na da burin taimakawa ma’aikata a Ireland su fahimci dokokin fallasa a kasar Ireland.

Italiya (Italy)

IrpiLeaks dandalin fallasar kungiyar IRPI, wato cibiyar bincike a aikin jarida na Italiya. Ta fi mayar da hankali kan bayanan kungiyoyin mafia a Burtaniya

Holland (The Netherlands)

Gidan masu fallasa (House of Whistleblowers) na bayar da shawarwari ta tallafi wajen lura da lafiyan kwakwalwa da yanayin zamantakewa, ta na kuma gudanar da bincike kan yadda ake kula da lafiyar masu fallasar da kuma cin zarafin da sukan fiskanta a al’umma. Haka nan kuma, tana taimakwa wajen kare su daga yanayin da zai sa bata musu mutuncin su, sa’annan tana bayar da bayanai dangane da masu fallasan.

PubLeaks Shafi ne mai kwakwarar tsaro wanda ke samun goyon bayan kafofin yada labaran Holland fiye da 40. A shekarar 2013 aka kafa ta yin amfani da fasahar software na GlobaLeaks wanda cibiyar Hermes ta sarrafa.

Poland

Gidauniyar Stefan Batory (Stefan Batory Foundation) gidauniya ce mai zaman kanta a Poland wadda aka samar a 1988 da burin samar da al’umma mai gaskiya, mai samun bayanai kuma mai bin turbar dimokiradiyya.

Rasha (Russia)

Transparency International Russia, an kafa shi a 1999 kuma yana tattara kungiyoyin fararen hula har da kafofin yada labarai su yi yaki da cin hanci da rashawa su kuma yi aiki wajen halatta ka’idojin gaskiya da ci-gaba a fannonin gwamnati da na ‘Yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu.

Serbiya (Serbia)

Pistaljka ko kuma “usur” da harshen serbiyanci, na gudanar da bincike, kuma yana da shafin da ke karbar bayanai daga masu fallasa sa’annan su taimaka musu da batutuwan da suka shafi shari’a.

Spain

XNET ta na fafutukar ganin cewa masu fallasa sun sami kariya. Kuma ta na da wani tsarin da ke kula da masu fallasar da ta ajiye a boye ta yin amfani da fasaha mai sarkakiya na encryption.

Ukraine

Initiative 11 gamayya ce ta kungiyoyin fararen hulan da ke fafutukar tabbarar da kariya wa masu fallasa a Ukraine.

Burtaniya (United Kingdom)

Kariya, (wadda a baya aka san ta da Aikin Damuwar Jama’a) (Protect, formerly known as Public Concern at Work) an fara kungiyar a 1993 kuma burin ta shi ne ta tabbatar aikin fallasa ya dore saboda a kauce wa hadurruka da ke barazana dagula al’umma, kuma ko da ba’a kai ga cimma wannan buri ba, akalla a dago miyagun abubuwan kafin su yi lahani. PCW na da layin kyauta inda take bayar da shawarwari, kuma tana tallafawa kungiyoyin da ke aiki irin na ta. Ta na gudanar da ayyukan da suka shafi manufofin ci-gaba da illimantar da al’umma.

The Whistler: Hadaka ce da ta kawo kungiyoyin Campassion and Care (Tausayi da kulawa) da (Cibiyar bincike a aikin jarida) Centre for Investigative Journalism the nufin kare duk wadanda suke aikin fallasa gaskiya ba tare da la’akati da banbancin kabila, addini ko manufoi na siyasa ba. Masu aikin fallasan ne suka hada, domin kansu da sauran ‘yan uwansu masu fallasan kuma suna taimaka musu da kwararru da shawarwari da kuma taimako a fanin shari’a, da kudi.

Kudancin Amirka da yankin Carribbean (Latin America/Carribbean)

Guatemala

Accion Ciudadana: A shekarar 1996 aka kafa ta kuma daga shekarar 2006 ta fara kasancewa daya daga cikin rassan kungiyar Tranparency International. Kungiyar fararen hula ne da ke aiki da kungiyoyin Transparency da Integrity a Guatemala.

Mexico

MexicoLeaks dandali ne da ke samun goyon bayan kungiyoyin Mexico guda takwas wadanda suka hada da Animal Politico, emeequis, Másde131, Periodistas de a Pie, Poder, Proceso, R3D, da Arestegui Noticias.

Yankin Arewacin Amirka (North America)

Yaki da cin hanci da rashawa da sa ido, Canada (Anti-corruption and Accountability Canada) na taimkawa masu yin aikin fallasa, kuma suna bayar da shawara kyauta

Amurka

Governmant Accountability Project (GAP) kungiya mai zaman kanta ne a Washington, da ke goyon bayan aikin da masu fallasa ke yi.

Project on Government Oversight (POGO) kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wadda ke aiki da masu fallasa da ‘yan jarida da jami’an gwamnati domin su tabbatar da sauye-sauye masu kyau a gwamnati.

National Whistleblower center- kungiya mai zaman kanta ne a Washington wadda ke tallafawa shirye-shiryen fadakarwa, illimi da shirye-shiryen da suka shafi fallasa.

Whistleblower Aid kungiya mai zaman kanta, wadda ke kula da harkokin shari’a kuma tana da mazaunin ta a Washington, D.C. “Muna goyon bayan duk wadanda suka bi doka suka kai karan gwamnati da manyan kamfanoni da zarar sun karya doka.”

The Whistlerblower Support Fund kungiya mai zaman kanta da ke “bayar da shawarwari da taimako a fanin aiki da kwararru, da lauyoyi. da ma’akatan zamantakewa, da masu bayar da shawara kan aikin yi ko/da ‘yan jarida, sa’annan ta na kuma taimaka ma wadanda ke aikin fallasa.

The Whistleblower Blog “Kamfanin yada labarai ne mai zaman kan shi,” wanda ke zaman gudunmawa na kyauta ga al’umma daga kamfanin Kohn, Kohn & Colapinto, LPP

The National Council of Nonprofits – Ya jera abubuwan da suka dace a sani game da manufofin aikin fallasa da ma mahimmancinsu ga kungiyoyi masu zaman kance.

ASIYA (ASIA)

IndonesiaLeaks – Yana tanadar da wurin da masu bayar da bayanan za su iya su tsegunta ba tare da kowa ya sani ba. Daga nan sai ‘yan jarida su bi sahun labarin

Ku shiga al’ummarmu ta duniya (Join our Global Community)

GIJN na wallaafa bayanai cikin harsuna 12 kowane rana a kafofi daban-daban tare da shawarwari da damammaki da kayayyakin bincike a aikin jarida a duniya baki daya. Kuna iya kasasncewa cikin al’ummar mu mai karfin gaske wanda ke da mutane fiye da 300,000 domin ku tallafa wa labaranmu na falllasa a matakin kasa da kasa idan kuka farabin labaranmu a dandaloli 20, a ciki har da Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, WeChat, WhatsApp da Telegram.

Muna ma maraba da ‘yan jarida a shafinmu na GIJN LinkedIn da Global Listserv, daya daga cikin abubuwan da zai taimaka wajen gano abokan aiki ko kuma taimako a kasashen duniya. (Kuna neman taimako? Ka da ku mance da sashen taimako da na bayanan mu) Ku kuma duba labaranmu na yankuna daban-daban a kasa: GIJN Africa GIJN Afrique, GIJN Arabic, GIJN Bangla, GIJN Chinese, GIJN in French, GIJN Hindi, GIJN Indonesia, GIJN in Portuguese, GIJN in Russian, GIJN in Spanish, GIJN Turkish, and GIJN Urdu.

 

This story was originally written by Media Defence/GIJN and published by the Global Investigative Journalism Network.

https://helpdesk.gijn.org/support/solutions/articles/14000036517-legal-defense-and-emergency-aid

Illustration: Zunar for GIJN

Membership of GIJN

Membership of GIJN

Kasancewa memba a GIJN

GIJN kungiya ce mai zaman kanta da ke tallafwa masu bincike a aikin jarida a duk fadin duniya. Tun kafuwar kungiyar a shekarar 2003, GIJN ta bunkasa zuwa kasashe 80 da mambobi 203 a duniya baki daya. Mambobin sun hada da cibiyoyin rahotanni, da na koyarwa, kungiyoyin cigaban kafafen yada labarai da makarantun koyar da aikin jarida. Ga jadawalin mambobinmu a kasashen duniya, biye da ka’idojin zama mamba ma kungiyoyin da ke da sha’awar yin hakan.

Mambobin GIJN

‘Yan jarida 100, Amurka (100Reporters, USA)

100Reporters ya bi sahun kwararrun ‘yan jarida da masu fallasa da ’yan jarida masu zaman kansu a duniya baki daya, wadanda da ke aiki tukuru wajen samar da sabbin hanyoyin gudanar da aikin jarida mai sahihanci, da kuma wallafa rahotannin da suka danganci cin hanci da rashawa a duk yanayin da ya kasasnce. Kungiyar, a karkashin jagorancin fitattun wakilai na manyan kamfanonin yada labarai na da burin bunkasa irin tasiri da kuma mahimmancin bincike da labaran da ‘yan jarida masu zaman kansu ke yi a matsayin wata hanya ta inganta ayyukan gaskiya da sahihiyar gwamnati.
Shafi: http://100r.org/

Hadinkan kungiyoyin masu wallafa aiyukan bincike a Afirka (African Investigative Publishing collective (AIPC), Ghana/Netherlands)
Kungiyar AIPC kungiya ce da ta kunshi kwararrun ‘yan jarida masu bincike wadanda suka sadaukar da rayuwarsu wajen fallasa duk illolin da ake da su a al’umma. Burinsu shi ne su gudanar da bincike mai zurfi domin gano duk wani rashin adalci ko rashin gaskiya da nufin kare al’umma, a matsayin hidima ga dimokiradiyya, gaskiya da ci-gaba.
Shafi: http://www.investigativecollective.com/

Hadakar cibiyoyin bincike na aikin jarida, Afirka Ta Kudu (African Network of Centers for investigative Reporting (ANCIR), South Africa)
A shekarar 2014 aka kafa wannan kungiyar wadda ta kunshi dakunan labarai 10 daga kasashen Afirka. Kungiyar wadda hedikwatarta ke Afirka ta Kudu na da burin karfafawa da kuma tabbatar da dorewar bincike a aikin jarida ta hanyar inganta kwarewa, tunani mai zurfi da karfin samarwa. Yayin da kungiyar ke bayar da fifiko kan “labaran da suka shafi hada-hadar kasuwanni” ta na kuma tallafawa wajen samar da horaswa da shirye-shiryen hadin kai da ababen aiki na musamman.

Website: http://investigativecenters.org/

Agencia Publica, Brazil

Agencia Publica wadda aka girkata a shekarar 20111, ta kasance kungiya mai zaman kanta ta farko kan aikin jaridan da ya shafi bincike a kasar Brazil. Wasu mata ‘yan jarida suka kafa ta da nufin mayar da aikin jaridar kasar bisa turbar da aka santa: Yi ma jama’a hidima

Website: https://apublica.org/

Hadakar ‘yan jarida masu zaman kansu, Indonesiya (Alliance of Independent Journalists, Indonesia) Wannan kungiyar da ake wa lakabi da (AIJ) tana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen bunkasa bincike a aikin jarida a kasar Indonesiya. Kungiyar wadda aka kafa a 1994 na da hedikwatar ta a birnin Jakarta kuma ita ce kungiya ta farko mai zaman kanta a kasar Indonesiya. Hasali ma mulkin kama karyar Soeharto ce ta yi mafari samar da kungiyar bayan da gwamnatinsa ta haramta jaridun da suka rika gudanar da bincike mai zurfi a labaransu, a ciki har da kasidar Tempo. AJI tana kuma baiwa ‘yan jarida tallafi a duk sadda a kai kararsu kotu ko kuma aka tursasa musu saboda labaran da suke rubutawa.
Website: http://aji.or.id

 

AmaBhungane Centre for Investigative Journalism South Africa

Cibiyar bincike mai zurfi a aikin jarida ta amaBhungane wadda a bay aka san ta da cibiyar M & G, kungiya ce mai zaman kanta wadda ke tabbatar da ci-gaban bincike mai zurfi a aikin jarida – abin da ta ke wa kallon hidimar da ta ke wa jama’a wajen habaka kafofin yada labarai masu ‘yanci, nagarta da cancanta da kuma dimokiradiyya mai kamanta gaskiya da adalci.
Website: https://amabhungane.org/

 

Arab Reporters for Investigative Journalism (ARIJ), Jordan

Kungiyar Larabawa ‘yan jarida masu bincike mai zurfi a aikin jarida (ARIJ) ita ce kadai kungiya mai zaman kanta a Yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya da ta dukufa wajen tabbatar da ci-gaban bincike mai zurfi a dakunan labaran larabawa, abun da har yanzu bai sami gindin zama ma. Kungiyar da ke da mazauninta a Amman, an kafa ta ne daga farkon shekarar 2005 domin ta tallafa wajen tabbatar da aikin jarida mai zaman kansa da inganci da kwarewa ta hanyar bayar da tallafin kudi ga shirye-shirye masu zurfi da kuma bayar da horaswa. Kungiyar ta na kuma taimakawa duk ‘yan jaridan da ke aiki a jarida, rediyo, talbijin shafukan sadarwa na intanet a kasashen Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Masar, Iraki, Bahrain, Yemen da Tunisiya.
Website: http://en.arij.net/

 

Dandalin Aikin Jarida a Turai (Arena for Journalism in Europe)
Wanna kungiyar da ke kasar Holland na goyon bayan ayyukan hadin gwiwa, da bincike mai zurfi da aikin jarida. Ta na taimakawa ‘yan jarida da ke aiki tare a kowace kasa kuma a kowane fanni tare da malamai, da masana kimiyya ko kuma kungiyoyin fararen hula. Mahimman ayyukan kungiyar sun hada da shirya tarukan samar da bayanai wanda aka fi sani da dataharvest, babban taron ‘yan jaridan da ke bincike mai zurfi a Turai, gamayyar kungiyoyin Arena, samar da kawancen da ‘yan jarida ke bukata, da makarantar Arena – wanda ya kunshi musayar illima da hadin gwiwa a batutuwan da suka shafi bincike mai zurfi a aikin jarida.
Website: https://journalismarena.eu/

Armando.info, Venezuela
A shekarar 2010 aka kafa kungiyar Armandi.info. Wasu shahararrun ‘yan jarida guda uku a Venezuela ne suka kafa kungiyar. ‘yan jaridan sun hada da: Alfredo Meza, Joseph Poliszuk da Ewald Scharfenberg. A gajeren rayuwar wannan kungiya, Amando.info ta kirkiro shirye-shirye na musamman da abokai irin su ICIJ (Coltan/ Offshore leaks/ Swissleaks/ Panama Papers), regional newspapers as La Nación and Clarín (Argentina), El Universo (Ecuador), El Nuevo Herald y Univisión (Florida-USA), Connectas (Colombia), Confidencial (Nicaragua), La Nación (Costa Rica), Ciper (Chile).
Website: https://armando.info/

Asodiación de Periodismo Punto y Aparte
Wannan kungiyar da ke kasar Costa Rica tana tallafawa masu bincike mai zurfi a rahotanni da irin aikin jaridan da samar wa jama’a maslaha. Dandali ne na saduwan ‘yan jaridan da suka iya aikinsu, masu kuruciya kuma kwararru, yawancin kungiyoyi da mutane masu zaman kansu na samun gayyata su zo su kasance masu daukan nauyin shirye-shirye wadanda kuma ke samun goyon bayan makarantun ‘yan jarida da kafofin yada labarai. Burin kungiyar ta kunshi hada duk wadannan bangarori tare su yi aiki don samar da sabuwar shawara ga yadda za’a tafiyar da aikin jarida.
Website: http://www.puntoyaparte-ca.com/

 

 

This story was originally written by GIJN and published by the Global Investigative Journalism Network.

https://helpdesk.gijn.org/support/solutions/articles/14000036511-membership-in-gijn

PTCIJ and partners, UNESCO, train Gambian youth leaders on media literacy

PTCIJ and partners, UNESCO, train Gambian youth leaders on media literacy

Ahead of the December 4 presidential election, the Premium Times Centre for Investigative Journalism (PTCIJ) has trained 40 youth community leaders on media and information literacy in The Gambia.

The three-day training, supported by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), was held at the Senegambia Beach Hotel from Monday November 29 to Wednesday December 1.

Welcoming the participants, drawn from youth-centric Civil Society Organisations (CSO), the Acting Executive Director of PTCIJ, Tobi Oluwatola, harped on the importance of media and information literacy in The Gambia’s bid to nurture it’s infant democracy.

“As The Gambia prepares for its first post-Jammeh general elections seeking to consolidate the country’s nascent democracy, there is a need to enable media users to access and use information prudently. Media and Information Literacy (MIL) is a prerequisite for democratic participation, and preserving freedom of expression,” he said.

The training featured sessions on democracy and information literacy, freedom of information and expression, fact-checking and verification, internet opportunities and challenges among others.

At different times, participants were also engaged in group assignments to measure their understanding of the sessions and evaluate plans for propagating knowledge gained.

Ajie Sonko, the President of The Gambian Ladies Organisation said the training sessions helped her understand the information ecosystem.

“I have been doing a lot in these sessions we had,” she said. “I have come to know things I never knew. I learnt things like types of information disorder…malinformation, disinformation and misinformation. I think this is very crucial in our environment because information is advancing the world and when there is information disorder in any country, there is no way the country will go forward.”

Ms Sonko promised to propagate what she learnt to members of her organisation and further.

“When I go, I’m not going to be selfish and keep what I learnt to myself, I will make sure I teach my organization members what I learnt and not only them, I will do as much as I can to share with my immediate society. Whenever my organization go on rural outreaches, I’ll make sure we teach people on media and information literacy,” she said.

Similarly, Joe Bongay, the Executive Director of Young Volunteers for the Environment said he has learnt a lot from the sessions.

“For the past three days, we’ve gotten very good knowledge on fact-checking, how to identify fake news…which is very important for my organisation and in  the process of our development work. Gambia is still transforming gradually and I think this training is timely. It will help to engage as young people in the democratization of The Gambia which is still young. Democracy is still not well understood by many people, this kind of training will help us filter the issue of democracy through communication to the local people and local development partners so as to collectively understand it, respect it and apply it which will help us develop as a nation,” he said.

The Gambia, the smallest country on the African mainland, will on Saturday go to polls to elect a president. The Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) has cleared six candidates for the election, the first since dictator Yahya Jammeh fled the country in 2017.

A meeting on the current trends in Nigeria’s conflict regions and the challenge of humanitarian response

A meeting on the current trends in Nigeria’s conflict regions and the challenge of humanitarian response

The coronavirus pandemic has not only forced states to shut down economically, unfortunately, it has also forced humanitarian responses around the world to come to a grinding halt. With Boko Haram (BH) campaigns still very much alive – tragically claiming over 70 people recently in Gubio (Borno State) – Shekau’s new call to bandits in the North West of Nigeria, asking them to join his cause, provides a worrying perspective to the decades-old insurgency. Lately, particularly since January, Nigeria has witnessed a spike in the level of insecurity. There has been a significant rise in banditry, kidnapping and farmer-herder clashes defining the BH insurgency as a resilient force despite the efforts of the Nigerian military. Indeed, the insecurity across the north has forced the Nigeria Police to withdraw in some areas for the military to take over. Read More